Effect of gamma radiation on sodium channels in different conformations in neuroblastoma cells.

We studied the dose-response relationship between gamma radiation and batrachotoxin-stimulated sodium influx in neuroblastoma cells in tissue culture. We also tested the hypothesis that changes in sodium channel conformation may alter the radiosensitivity of the channel. We found that gamma radiation inhibited toxin-stimulated 22Na uptake at doses beyond a threshold of 200-300 Gy. No effects were seen following doses below 100 Gy. This inhibition of sodium permeability was seen when the cells were irradiated with sodium channels in the closed or inactivated, nonconducting states. However, when the channels were in the toxin-opened, conducting state, gamma radiation had no effect at doses up to 2000 Gy. Our results support earlier electrophysiological studies that showed that high doses of ionizing radiation are required to produce a measurable decrease in sodium permeability. In addition, our data suggest that by changing the sodium channel conformation, batrachotoxin appears to alter radiosensitive chemical bonds in the gating or ion-conducting portion of the channel.